This will reduce "Already borrowed error": (#12550)

* This will reduce "Already borrowed error":

Original issue https://github.com/huggingface/tokenizers/issues/537

The original issue is caused by transformers calling many times
mutable functions on the rust tokenizers.
Rust needs to guarantee that only 1 agent has a mutable reference
to memory at a given time (for many reasons which don't need explaining
here). Usually, the rust compiler can guarantee that this property is
true at compile time.

Unfortunately, this is impossible for Python to do that, so PyO3, the
bridge between rust and python used by `tokenizers`, will change the
compile guarantee for a dynamic guarantee, so if multiple agents try
to have multiple mutable borrows at the same time, then the runtime will
yell with "Already borrowed".

The proposed fix here in transformers, is simply to reduce the actual
number of calls that really need mutable borrows. By reducing them,
we reduce the risk of running into "Already borrowed" error.
The caveat is now we add a call to read the current configuration of the
`_tokenizer`, so worst case we have 2 calls instead of 1, and best case
we simply have 1 + a Python comparison of a dict (should be negligible).

* Adding a test.

* trivial error :(.

* Update tests/test_tokenization_fast.py

Co-authored-by: SaulLu <55560583+SaulLu@users.noreply.github.com>

* Adding reference to original issues in the tests.

* Update the tests with fast tokenizer.

Co-authored-by: SaulLu <55560583+SaulLu@users.noreply.github.com>

tests/test_tokenization_fast.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+import concurrent.futures
 import shutil
 import tempfile
 import unittest
@@ -90,3 +91,20 @@ class PreTrainedTokenizationFastTest(TokenizerTesterMixin, unittest.TestCase):
                     # is restored
                     shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdirname)
                     self.tmpdirname = tmpdirname_orig
+
+
+@require_tokenizers
+class ReduceMutableBorrowTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_async_share_tokenizer(self):
+        # See https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/pull/12550
+        # and https://github.com/huggingface/tokenizers/issues/537
+        tokenizer = PreTrainedTokenizerFast.from_pretrained("robot-test/dummy-tokenizer-wordlevel")
+        text = "The Matrix is a 1999 science fiction action film."
+
+        with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
+            futures = [executor.submit(self.fetch, tokenizer, text) for i in range(10)]
+            return_value = [future.result() for future in futures]
+            self.assertEqual(return_value, [[1, 10, 0, 8, 0, 18, 0, 0, 0, 2] for i in range(10)])
+
+    def fetch(self, tokenizer, text):
+        return tokenizer.encode(text, truncation="longest_first", padding="longest")