[logging] autoflush (#9385)

This PR proposes to:

* auto-flush `transformers` logging 

When using logging for tracing signals from different parts of the code and which could be mixed with print debug this aids to get all the logging events synchronized. 

I don't think this change will introduce any performance impacts.

If it helps someone here is the code I used to sync `transformers` logging with various other debug prints.

I was porting bart to MP and I needed to trace that the device switching happens correctly and I added a bunch of logger.info calls inside `modeling_bart.py` and also had some other helpers `print` debug messages which weren't logger based:

```

# auto flush std streams
from sys import stdout, stderr
def stdout_write_flush(args, w=stderr.write): w(args); stderr.flush()
def stderr_write_flush(args, w=stderr.write): w(args); stderr.flush()
stdout.write = stdout_write_flush
stderr.write = stderr_write_flush

from transformers import BartTokenizer, BartForConditionalGeneration, BartConfig

import logging
import transformers.utils.logging
import transformers.models.bart.modeling_bart

# I wanted a shorter simpler format
handlers = transformers.utils.logging._get_library_root_logger().handlers
for handler in handlers:
    formatter = logging.Formatter("[%(funcName)s] %(message)s")
    handler.setFormatter(formatter)

transformers.models.bart.modeling_bart.logger.setLevel(transformers.logging.INFO)
```

@LysandreJik, @sgugger, @patrickvonplaten

src/transformers/utils/logging.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 import logging
 import os
+import sys
 import threading
 from logging import CRITICAL  # NOQA
 from logging import DEBUG  # NOQA
@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@ def _configure_library_root_logger() -> None:
             # This library has already configured the library root logger.
             return
         _default_handler = logging.StreamHandler()  # Set sys.stderr as stream.
+        _default_handler.flush = sys.stderr.flush
 
         # Apply our default configuration to the library root logger.
         library_root_logger = _get_library_root_logger()